Learning About The Common Electrical Wiring Questions

Electrical Wiring

Unless you’re an experienced electrician, it’s advisable to leave this part of the project to professionals. However, you should know your needs and be in on the planning and supervision of wiring and lighting installation

As with the functional design of the workspace, a good electrical plan begins with a diagram. Knowing the location of your large pieces of electrically powered equipment, as well as your key workspaces, is vital in determining where best to place electrical outlets, dedicated circuits, receptacle heights, switch boxes, etc.

Larger pieces of equipment such as table saws should be powered via dedicated circuits. In one workshop, a 20-amp dedicated circuit was installed near the location where the table saw would later be placed. Each additional piece of large equipment also had a dedicated circuit. The outlet installed on each of these was a GFCI (ground-fault circuit interrupter) circuit. The GFCI receptacle is equipped with a measuring device that will shut down the power to the circuit immediately in the event of a short, reducing the possibility of electrical shock

Consider the total number of ordinary electrical outlets you’ll need, and keep in mind this rule of thumb: It’s hard to have too many outlets. In other words, people typically find that they eventually need more outlets than they first anticipated. In the case of our model workshop, nine receptacles were installed in addition to the dedicated circuits. The nine receptacles are in three circuits, with three receptacles on each circuit.

Consider also the best height for your receptacles. It may be beneficial to install workshop outlets higher on the wall than is typical in a home setting. This eliminates the problem of limited access to outlets when work surfaces or equipment are placed along the walls of the workshop. Higher outlets are also more convenient for plugging in and unplugging small power tools, which is something that happens frequently in a workshop.

signs you should think about rewiring your home

Thirty-nine percent of home electrical fires involve outlets and receptacles, interior house wiring, and other electrical wiring. While these numbers are staggering, steps can be taken to prevent your home from becoming a statistic. The electrical system in your home may need to be repaired or updated. A complete rewire with a new electrical panel can be a big expense, but that pales in comparison to the importance of keeping your home and family safe.

Warning signs

An electrical system will often display signs when there are potential problems. If you notice any of these warning signs, have an electrician inspect your electrical system:

Frequent blown fuses or tripped breakers

An over-amped or over-fused electrical panel

Dimming or flickering lights, indicating the circuit is overloaded or has a loose connection

Hot or discolored switch plates, cords, or plugs

Light bulbs that frequently burn out in a socket, signaling a fixture that can’t handle the bulb wattage

Buzzing or sizzling sounds

A burning smell

Arcs or sparks from an outlet when you plug or unplug a cord

Loose outlets

Cracked, cut, or broken insulation

Electrical shock when you plug in or touch a cord

Other reasons to check the wiring

Even if you don’t notice any warning signs of faulty wiring, it’s a good idea to have your home’s electrical system inspected periodically. Electrical codes vary depending on where you live, but there are common situations that warrant an inspection from a qualified professional.

If your home is more than 40 years old

If you’re relying on extension cords for power

If you’ve made major home improvements or added major new appliances that could strain your existing system

If your home has ungrounded, two-prong outlets

If your home has aluminum instead of copper wiring

Aluminum wiring

The last time you looked for a new home, you probably had a shopping list: three bedrooms, two bathrooms, fireplace, lots of storage space. You probably didn’t give the in-home wiring a second thought. As long as you can plug something in and it works, it’s all good, right? Not necessarily. If your home has aluminum wiring, you could be in trouble in more ways than one.

What is aluminum wiring?

Aluminum wiring, though not used anymore, was once considered a safe and inexpensive alternative to copper. Copper wiring is really the wiring of choice, but for a while, approximately between 1965 and 1974, copper was so expensive that everyone was looking for a way to cut costs when wiring a home. And voila, aluminum wiring was the answer. However, it didn’t take long (about a decade) to discover that aluminum wiring tended to become defective much more rapidly than copper. In fact, if left neglected, a serious fire hazard could be lurking in outlets, light switches, or fixtures, as the electrical connections cause overheating in the wiring.

How does aluminum wiring work?

Aluminum wiring works the same way regular copper wiring works, but there is a significant problem which has made aluminum a thing of the past, when it comes to wiring homes for electricity. The main danger with this wiring is in the connections. When electricity passes through electrical cables and connectors, the wires expand and heat up. One of the issues with this type of wiring is that it expands three times more than copper does. In other words, it has a much higher rate of thermal expansion. When the electricity is turned off, the wires and connections cool down and contract. All the expanding and contracting will eventually open up a gap, exposing the wire to air. The resulting oxidization causes the connection point to get even hotter

The International Association of Certified Home Inspectors has some great information on aluminum wiring. They state that aluminum possesses certain qualities that, when compared with copper, make it an unfavourable material as an electrical conductor. These qualities will lead to dangerous, loose connections, as mentioned above, with fire hazards becoming more likely. Some of these qualities are:

Higher electrical resistance: Aluminum has a high resistance to electrical current flow. Therefore, given the same amperage, aluminum conductors need to have a larger diameter than copper conductors.

Less ductile: Aluminum will wear and break down more readily when subjected to bending and other forms of abuse than copper, which is more pliable. Wear, over time, causes the wire to break down internally and will progressively resist electrical current, causing a build-up of excessive heat.

Galvanic corrosion: In there is moisture present, aluminum in homes will experience galvanic corrosion when it makes contact with certain dissimilar metals.

Oxidation: The outer surface of the wire will deteriorate when exposed to oxygen. This is known as oxidation. Aluminum wire oxidizes more easily than copper wire, and the compound formed by oxidation – aluminum oxide – is less conductive than copper oxide. Over time, oxidation can deteriorate connections and present an increased fire hazard.

Greater malleability: Aluminum is soft and malleable, so it is extremely sensitive to compression. If a screw is over-tightened on aluminum wiring, for example, the wire will continue to deform or “flow” even after the screw has stopped being tightened. This can create a loose connection and increase electrical resistance in that spot.

Greater thermal expansion and contraction: Aluminum expands and contracts with changes in temperature more than copper does. As time passes, this will cause connections to degrade. Consequently, aluminum wires should never be inserted into the “stab,” “bayonet” or “push-in” type terminations on the back of several light switches and outlets. Aluminum wiring is safer with screw-type connections, that is, where the electrical wire is wrapped around a screw and kept in place by the head of the screw instead of being pushed in through the back.

Excessive vibration: Electrical current causes vibrations when passing through wiring. The vibrating is greater in aluminum than it is in copper, and, over time, can cause connections to loosen.

What should you do when something goes wrong?

In some cases, copper and aluminum wiring in houses have been combined over the years. This can pose an extreme hazard unless all the proper aluminum-to-copper connectors have been used. Because of the different degrees of expansion and contractions, gaps can occur, causing serious fire concerns.

Dangerous Things Your Electrician Wants You to Stop Doing ASAP

Electrical fires are the third leading cause of home structure fires, according to The Electrical Safety Foundation International. Fortunately, there are a variety of preventative measures you can take to help make sure that one doesn’t happen to you.

In addition to having your place’s electrical system thoroughly inspected by a qualified electrician to verify that all electrical work meets safety regulations, electricians say that switching up certain daily habits can help. We asked the pros for some of the most dangerous things you could be doing in terms of your house’s electrics.

Using adapters on two-prong outlets

Because many new appliances—computers, blenders, and more—use three prongs, you might be tempted to nab adapters. Don’t do it, says: “Instead, you should consider upgrading the outlet if you need to regularly use three-prong plugs.”

Plugging in to loose electrical outlets

Loose electrical outlets aren’t safe for kids or pets, and can potentially even lead to fires, says, vice president of operations, a Neighborly company. “If the cord falls out easily, this means that the blades inside the outlet have become loose and can now generate a lot of heat,” he explains.

Not getting old wiring checked out

“Electrical wiring is meant to last 30 to 40 years,” says. “If you move into an old home, old wiring can be a potential danger.” If you think your home may have some, suggests having an electrician survey the wiring to recommend next steps. Rewiring your home can be an unexpected expense, but it will ensure that your house is safer and up to current codes.

Automotive Wiring: Basic Tips, Tricks & Tools for Wiring Your Vehicle

This chart can be used to determine proper wire gauge. First, figure out the amperage of your electrical component. Next, measure the required length of your wire. Then just plug those numbers into this chart to determine the proper gauge.

Cars are filled with stuff that can make or break performance. The engine needs to be fed the proper amounts of air, fuel, and spark. The suspension and brakes must be in tip-top shape. The wheels and tires, transmission, cooling system, gauges—even the seats—must all function properly.

With all those things to worry about, many enthusiasts overlook the electrical wiring system. A lousy wiring job will keep your electrical accessories from operating at full potential—and that means subpar performance.

Round Up The Right Tools

The proper tools will make your wiring job a whole lot easier. Start with a quality set of wire strippers. Wire strippers generally include a group of holes to fit most wire gauges. This allows you to strip the insulation off your wires without accidentally cutting into the wire conductors.

Here are some other items that should be in your electrical toolbox:

A wire brush for removing heavy corrosion, oil, or grease before soldering

A volt/ohm meter to measure voltage and resistance levels in your circuits

A test light to test for power within a circuit

Shrink tubing to insulate connections from outside elements. The tubing slides over the connector or solder joint and permanently shrinks when heated

Whats The Use Of A Home Inspection

Why Should You Choose Property Inspector

the Home Inspection Business, seen many fly-by-night Home Inspectors come and go. feel sorry for the home buyers that are victimized by these unscrupulous operators. But so confident in inspections that willing to put money where mouth is.

understand this is an important step in your life. This Guarantee is just one more way to demonstrate desire and commitment to meet and exceed your expectations. Also, want to ensure you have an enjoyable real estate experience.

Want A More Comprehensive Home Inspection?

Home Inspection because we include the most important aspects of a thorough home inspection. For the home buyer, having a good understanding of the condition of a property is crucial to making informed decisions during a real estate transaction.

How A Buyer’s Home Inspection Differs From A Seller’s Home Inspection

Whether you are buying or selling a home, having the property inspected is an important part of the process. However, do not think that there are no important differences depending upon which side of the transaction you are on. A buyer’s home inspection is not the same as a seller’s home inspection. You need to understand how each process is intended to work.

In either case, the point of a home inspection is to examine the property for signs of damage or weakness. This way, any potential trouble spots can be identified and repaired or dealt with before the property changes hands. However, the purpose of the inspection differs depending upon whether you are a buyer or a seller.

Residential & Commercial Home Inspections

Residential & Commercial Inspections has seen many inexperienced and fly-by-night home inspectors come and go. offer you a trained and seasoned home inspection professionals. If there are any visible problems, find them. And do best to point out the “positives” of the home as well.

more thorough. take time. not trying to rush through your inspection to get to the next one. That often means find defects the other guys don’t. And that can mean the seller, not you, will pay for the repairs. Because more thorough you can save time and money.

Want A More Comprehensive Home Inspection?

Then select Residential & Commercial Inspections because include the most important aspects of a thorough home inspection.

invite you to go through the house with us so that may inform you of any issues or concerns, discuss “how things work”, highlighting all the positive features and also share with you what needs to be maintained and why.

Home Inspectors, are committed to providing you with outstanding service. highly experienced and extremely thorough, yet have excellent communications skills to be able to put the entire house into perspective for you

Property Inspections & Environmental Testing

Most People Fear Costly Surprises When Purchasing a Property

Roof Leaks

Structural Issues

Safety Items

Hidden Defects

and more

Understand Purchasing a Property Can Be Scary

That is why when you hire Home Inspection, to perform your property inspection. You can rest assured work only for you

Home Buyer Inspection Services

Purchasing a home is an investment, typically it’s one of the largest investments you will ever make. That’s why it’s essential you take every precaution to not only protect your financial investment, but also protect your family.

A home buyer inspection can uncover issues with a home to help you make an informed decision when moving forward with purchasing a house. Maybe there’s a few minor issues that the current homeowner should take care of before you sign the dotted line, or maybe there’s a structural issue that’s too costly to repair and it would be better to keep looking.

Without a detailed home buyer inspection of a home, you’re left without pertinent details that will help you to make the best decision for you and your family.

Tools And Items You Need For DIY Home Inspection And Why To Bring Them

It goes without saying that a professional home inspector will do a more thorough job of inspecting a house than the average individual. However, that does not mean that you can’t perform one yourself and do justice to it. In certain circumstances, it is necessary to hire a certified inspector to conduct an inspection.

For example, when insurers need a qualified report (e.g. 4 point inspection, wind mitigation inspection) to tell the general condition of a house before underwriting a homeowners insurance policy.

Other times, hiring an inspector is not necessary when you deem having a professional opinion is just money down the drain. Most of the time, they tell you what you already know anyway.

So if you have made the bold decision to conduct your own home inspection before taking over a house, good for you. But surely natural instincts will tell you that you can’t possibly do it with your bare hands no matter how much of a hands-on person you are. You need tools and other miscellaneous items.

Flashlight

A handheld flashlight that fits in your pocket is usually sufficient. However, if you know that there are huge areas are that are somehow in the dark, you might want to bring along a larger one as well. I repeat. A small flashlight is essential. A Godzilla-sized one is optional.

PROPERTY INSPECTION

Inspection Services, you can trust to:

Deliver detailed, yet easily understood explanations of every aspect of findings with the Report

Provide comprehensive, professional systems, tools and training to improve your business

Evaluate your home on 400+ points to provide a detailed condition assessment

True professionalism — quality assurance seal is an indicator of a name you can trust

Buyers and Sellers Need Home Inspections

Home Inspections Protect and Serve Your Most Significant Investment

Buying a new home is one of the most exciting times in life, with plenty to celebrate and discover about your new neighborhood, neighbors and community. The last thing you’ll want to experience is the additional worry and stress created by discovering the need for unexpected repairs.

know the home-buying process can be incredibly stressful. thorough, professional home inspectors help ensure that you are familiar with the home and the condition of its major systems. present findings in comprehensive

allows you to organize and save all related home information, including your inspection report, paint colors and even maintenance reminders, in a convenient online application. With such valuable information that’s easily accessible, you’ll feel much more secure in your purchasing decision

Baseline Commercial Building Inspections

In addition to its home inspection expertise, is also a one-stop resource for all things commercial inspection related. Whether you’re a commercial property buyer, seller or realtor, strive to make sure your needs are met by covering every aspect of the inspection process in detail and including tips for real estate professionals. The information on website can help owners and buyers understand commercial property operation and required maintenance. It also helps improve the confidence of prospective investors.

Finding The Best Accountant To Solve Your Needs

General Ledger Accounts

The accounts that are used to sort and store transactions are found in the company’s general ledger. The general ledger is often arranged according to the following seven classifications. (A few examples of the related account titles are shown in parentheses.)

  • Assets (Cash, Accounts Receivable, Land, Equipment)
  • Liabilities (Loans Payable, Accounts Payable, Bonds Payable)
  • Stockholders’ equity (Common Stock, Retained Earnings)
  • Operating revenues (Sales, Service Fees)
  • Operating expenses (Salaries Expense, Rent Expense, Depreciation Expense)
  • Non-operating revenues and gains (Investment Income, Gain on Disposal of Truck)
  • Non-operating expenses and losses (Interest Expense, Loss on Disposal of Equipment)

Balance Sheet Accounts

The first three classifications are referred to as balance sheet accounts since the balances in these accounts are reported on the financial statement known as the balance sheet.

Balance sheet accounts

  • Assets
  • Liabilities
  • Stockholders’ (or Owner’s) equity

The balance sheet accounts are also known as permanent accounts (or real accounts) since the balances in these accounts will not be closed at the end of an accounting year. Instead, these account balances are carried forward to the next accounting year.

Income Statement Accounts

The four remaining classifications of accounts are referred to as income statement accounts since the amounts in these accounts will be reported on the financial statement known as the income statement.

Income statement accounts

  • Operating revenues
  • Operating expenses
  • Non-operating revenues and gains
  • Non-operating expenses and losses

The income statement accounts are also known as temporary accounts since the balances in these accounts will be closed at the end of the accounting year. Each income statement account is closed in order to begin the next accounting year with a zero balance.

The year-end balances from all of the income statement accounts will be combined and entered as a single net amount in Retained Earnings (a balance sheet account within stockholders’ equity) or in a proprietor’s capital account.

Note: If an account has not had any activity in the current or recent periods, it is often omitted from the current general ledger.

Chart of Accounts

The chart of accounts is simply a list of all of the accounts that are available for recording transactions. This means that the number of accounts in the chart of accounts will be greater than the number of accounts in the general ledger. (The reason is that accounts with zero balances and no recent entries are often omitted from the general ledger until there is a transaction for the account.)

The chart of accounts is organized similar to the general ledger: balance sheet accounts followed by the income statement accounts. However, the chart of accounts does not contain any entries or account balances.

The chart of accounts allows you to find the name of an account, its account number, and perhaps a brief description. It is important to expand and/or alter the chart of accounts to accommodate the changes to an organization and when there is a need for improved reporting of information.

What Transactions Should Go in the General Ledger?

The general ledger includes a small company’s business accounts and all transactions that affect these accounts. Business transactions posted to the general ledger are recorded through journal entries. These entries record increases and decrease to the business’s assets, liabilities and owner’s equity accounts. Journal entries posted to the general ledger can also record transactions that reclassify amounts from one account to another, correct accounting errors and close temporary accounts at the end of a fiscal year.

Asset Transactions

A small business’s assets typically include cash; accounts receivable; and property, plant and equipment. Business assets can also include other physical assets, such as land, or intangible assets, such as a patent or trademark. Asset-related journal entries posted to the general ledger generally record increases or decreases to these accounts. Examples of typical asset transactions include the purchase or sale of physical or intangible assets, cash collection from credit customers, depreciation of property or equipment, and credit or cash sales to customers.

Liability Transactions

Liability accounts in the general ledger are made up of accounts payable, salaries payable, notes payable and other accounts that reflect what the business owes in the current fiscal year and beyond. Liability-related journal entries posted to the general ledger typically will record increases or decreases to these accounts. Examples of typical liability transactions include payment of accounts payable, credit purchases by the business and business expenses, such as salaries, taxes and interest, that may be paid off by the end of the current or future fiscal year.

Equity Transactions

Owner’s equity accounts reflect the capital invested in the business. In other words, if the business uses its assets to pay off all of its liabilities, the amount remaining is equal to the balance in the owner’s equity or capital account. It’s also possible for the business to have a capital-drawing account, which records any withdrawals of capital by the business owners. Equity-related journal entries posted to the general ledger record increases or decreases to these accounts. For example, if a business owner injects cash into the business, a journal entry will record an increase to the owner’s capital and cash accounts.

Other Transactions

General ledger journal entries can also be used to reclassify amounts. For example, a long-term liability that comes due in the current fiscal year should be transferred from a long-term liability to a current liability account. Correcting entries fixes errors found in the general ledger, such as an incorrect customer payment posted to accounts receivable. Journal entries are also used to close out temporary accounts at the end of the fiscal year. For example, all credit customer accounts found in the accounts receivable sub-ledger are closed to the main accounts receivable account in the general ledger.

The Purpose and Practice of General Ledger Accounting

As the name suggests, the general ledger is a key accounting document that provides a general overview of all of a company’s accounting transactions. For companies who opt to outsource their accounting, many details of accounting methods can be left to the professionals. However, the general ledger is such a central document that any small business owner can benefit from understanding its form and function. At Ignite Spot, we strive to keep our clients well informed about their outsourced accounting and bookkeeping. For a small business owner, understanding how general ledger accounting works can be very helpful.

A general ledger contains accounts covering the assets and liabilities that make up a business’s activities. Typically, the accounts of the general ledger are sorted into five categories within a chart of accounts. These five categories are assets, liabilities, owner’s equity, revenue, and expenses. Asset accounts normally include cash, accounts receivable, inventory, investments, and fixed assets. Liability accounts may include accounts payable, notes payable, and accrued expenses payable.

In general ledger accounting, a business’s transactions are typically recorded using the double-entry bookkeeping method. In other words, every transaction is posted twice. Debits are offset by credits, assets are offset by liabilities, and losses are offset by income. The strength of this system is that by maintaining two columns for every account, all of the accounts can be checked for accuracy. Since it was first devised by a merchant in the 13th century, the double-entry system has been used worldwide by companies of all sizes.

In practice, the information found within the general ledger is used to produce various documents that depict a company’s current financial state and track changes over time. Both the balance sheet and the income statement are derived from the information on the general ledger. The general ledger is used to prepare financial statements that may be used by the business owner, by shareholders, or for distribution to investors. A general ledger report shows all of the general ledger activity within a particular date range. A business might refer to a general ledger report from a certain month or quarter to assess the overall picture of the company’s financial standing. In addition, reports derived from the general ledger can be used to identify any potential errors in bookkeeping or to guard against fraud.

Depending on the company, the general ledger may be maintained in a physical book or on computer software. Many companies opt to download software to quickly update the general ledger and to extract information from it into other related documents. In some cases where outsourced accounting is used, companies may access their general ledger online. Whether you use a paper or electronic version, no general ledger is complete without source documents, such as bills or canceled checks, to affirm its information.

How To Start And Maintain A Move Out Cleaning Business

The Benefits of Using Move in and Move Out Cleaning Services

There are many exciting things about moving into a new home or apartment, but there are also a lot of things you have to do to prepare. One of the most dreaded aspects of the moving process is move out and move in cleaning

Whether you have to clean your old apartment in order to get your apartment back or you have to tidy up your new home before it’s move-in ready, cleaning during your move can be stressful. The good news is that there are professionals that can help you with cleaning services for your home or apartment. If you’re wondering whether these cleaning services are worth the investment

read on to learn some of the benefits of investing in professional cleaning:

Less stress: No matter how good you are at cleaning, it can be stressful when you’re in the midst of a move. While you’re moving, all kinds of things come up that can interrupt your schedule and take more of your time and attention away from packing and cleaning things up. Instead of trying to get all of your cleaning done in the eleventh hour, simply schedule service with a professional cleaning company, so you only have to worry about packing up your possessions and moving into your new space.

Less time out of your schedule: If you’re in the process of moving, you’ve probably already had to take some time off of work or, at the very least, skip some of your hobbies and activities. The more time you have to spend packing and cleaning, the more time you’ll have to take out of your schedule. Instead of completely disrupting your normal life, let a cleaning team take on some of the work for you.

Better chance of getting back your security deposit: If you’re renting an apartment or house, you probably have a security deposit that you want to get back after moving out. Unfortunately, renters notoriously end up receiving less than their full security deposit back because of problems with cleaning. Professional cleaners specialize in move out cleaning services

which is why are proud to provide exceptional cleaning services for homeowners and renters alike. In addition to residential cleaning, are also proud to provide commercial and industrial cleaning services

Step Apartment Move-Out Checklist

Many leases come to an end during the summer and especially at the end of the school year. A little planning in the weeks prior to your move-out can help keep you on schedule and ensure you receive as much of your deposit back as possible.

Provide written notice to your landlord of your intent to move

Hopefully, you are aware of the notice you must give your landlord prior to termination of your lease. The notification period varies depending on the lease terms and can be as much as 90-day advance notice. Check your lease. If your landlord or property manager is on site, hand-deliver it and ask them to sign a copy for you to confirm receipt. Another good option is to mail it with a return receipt requested for your records.

Book a moving company or reserve a moving truck

This is important to do ahead of time so you are not scrambling at the last minute. If you are moving during this time of year, you have to contend with the mass exodus or arrival of students moving after they graduate or just to a new home before the next school year. Having your reservation booked weeks in advance will be an immense relief. If there will be a lag between moving out of your current apartment and moving into your new apartment, reserve a storage unit to keep your belongings until you are ready for them.

Submit your change of address

Providing a couple weeks advance notice of your new address will eliminate, or at the very least lessen, any lag in service. Make sure your mail makes it to your new home by visiting your local post office, or go online, to submit a change of address. Don’t wait until after the move to notify banks, credit card companies, and your landlord of your new address. You will also want to touch base with the utility companies to transfer service to your new address if it is a local move.

Pack

A few weeks before the move, begin packing non-essential items. Our Busy College Student’s Guide to Smarter Moving offers timesaving tips and tricks for packing. Starting the packing process early provides time to really go through items and decide if you want them to move with you. Donate or throw away any items that are not needed or wanted. Keep the cleaning supplies out because you will need them, especially if you hope to get your deposit back.

Tips For Move Out Cleaning When Selling Your Home

If you’re selling your home this fall, you know there can be many details to keep straight. Between cleaning out your home, packing your stuff, and moving your belongings, your prior home also needs to be cleaned and ready for the new owners.

Remove Personal Belongings

This may seem self-explanatory, but don’t be surprised when you find additional belongings lurking behind doors, in sheds, attics, overhead rafters, or hidden in your garage. If you’ve lived in your home for many years, stuff tends to accumulate with time. Make sure to look in hidden or inconspicuous areas and remove all of your personal items. When your belongings are removed, you can start the process of cleaning your home.

Clean Out The Garage

Garages often become the catch-all for extra stuff around your house. Remove everything from your garage (including stuff in cupboards, on the walls, or on rafters) and throw away trash. Sweep the garage clean of debris, wash windows and doors, and dispose of any toxic chemicals

Scrub Bathrooms

Deep clean your bathrooms by scrubbing the shower (including shower doors and tracks, if applicable), toilet, and sink until they shine. Dust cabinets or shelves, clean overhead lights, mop the floor, and scrub around the base and top of the toilet. Wash windows and blinds and leave the bathroom germ-free while smelling clean and fresh.

Sanitize the Kitchen

Kitchens have plenty of areas to attract dirt and germs. If your kitchen hasn’t been deep cleaned in a while, this room may need extra attention. Wash down all cabinets and shelves, disinfect counters, and dust cobwebs. Scrub the sink, sweep and mop the floor, and clean the top and inside of the stove. Move the stove to sweep and mop underneath and sweep and mop the rest of the kitchen floor.

Move-in and Move-out Cleaning Service

Whether you are moving out or moving into a new residence, getting it cleaned properly is no easy task. This is especially true if you are limited on time and have strict standards that must be met if you are going to get your full deposit returned. For move out apartment cleaning or move in cleaning services

understand that your goal is to leave behind a clean apartment so that you get your deposit back. move out package includes, but is not necessarily limited to fully cleaning the counter tops, bathrooms, kitchens, floors, and dusting.

Dusting Ceiling Fans, Ledges, and Window Sills

Cleaning outside vents and Baseboards

Vacuuming Carpets

Cleaning Inside Ovens, Empty fridge and Cabinets

It should be noted that we are not a professional carpet cleaning company, so if your carpet has serious, ground-in stains, you should contact them for their services

move out apartment cleaning services do not include the following;

Wiping Bulbs, Chandeliers, and Glass Fixtures

Cleaning Up Bio-Hazards, Litter Boxes, Insects, Pests, or Animal Waste

Taking Out High Levels of Trash or Debris

Moving or Lifting Items Weighing More than 25 pounds

Cleaning High Areas Such as the Upper Parts of Windows or the Ceiling

Washing Exterior Windows or Cleaning Anything Outside the Residence

Additional Information About Move In Move Out Cleaning Services

First, you do not need to be at home when cleaning team arrives, only that have access to your residence so the cleaning can be performed. will even lock up after leave, so you can get about your business.

MOVE-IN AND MOVE-OUT CLEANING

Although moving can be an exciting transition in your life, it can also be stressful. From packing to dealing with the never-ending paperwork, there’s so much to do in very little time. To make your moving seamless, you can always delegate some of the stressful tasks such as cleaning.

MOVE-OUT CLEANING SERVICES

If you’re moving out, you could easily ignore cleaning the old house because you’ll no longer use it. However, move-out cleaning is important if you’re planning an open house or want your full security deposit from your landlord. Additionally, cleaning your current house is always a good way of starting a new chapter of your life – you can get rid of the clutter that has been making your home untidy.

MOVE-IN CLEANING SERVICES

Moving into a new house symbolizes a new beginning of your life. However, you need to thoroughly clean your new home to make it conducive for the occupants and your furniture. If you don’t have the time or expertise for this, you can always count on

Kitchen

The kitchen is like the heart of a home, meaning that it should always be in tip-top condition. It can also easily spread germs and bacteria to your family

cleaning services will remove these pesky microorganisms before you settle in your new home. can help with:

General dusting

Cleaning and polishing the sink and faucets

Cleaning the exterior and interior of your appliances (fridge, microwave, oven, dishwasher, etc.)

Cleaning and disinfecting all the surfaces

Hand-washing the dishes

Vacuuming and mopping the floor

Emptying the trash

Cleaning the kitchen doors and their frames

Cleaning the cabinets

Cleaning baseboards

Cleaning your furniture and other interior décor items

Pros And Cons Of Financing Your Plastic Surgery

Can Plastic Surgery cause health problems?

Plastic surgery is a range of procedures that reshapes or restores the form of the body. Although the term is usually associated with beautification procedures, it actually includes a broad range of practical operations including reconstructive surgery, craniofacial surgery, burn treatment, and more. Whatever the motivation, the decision to undergo surgery should never be made lightly — one must always review the potential risks and rewards.

The Risks of Plastic Surgery

Psychological and Social Risks of Plastic Surgery

To understand the psychological risks of plastic surgery, you must be able to answer a few questions about yourself. For example, how will you feel if your plastic surgery causes you to become a topic of gossip among your social circle? What if your partner exhibits signs of jealousy or insecurity because of your new look? What if you still feel “ugly” or inadequate after your “problem” has been surgically corrected?

The potential adverse psychological and social effects of plastic surgery have a lot to do with a patient’s pre-operative expectations and their pre-operative mental and emotional state. It’s important to understand that while plastic surgery can bring positive rewards, it will not change your life, the problems you have, or issues in your relationships. It is also important to understand that there is no such thing as physical “perfection.”

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

For some people, plastic surgery is an opportunity to fix a perceived flaw that has troubled them for years. The thinking goes, if we were only to get it fixed, we would be that much more beautiful.

However, people who strongly perceive imperfections within themselves may suffer from body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). This psychological disorder is characterized by an obsessive fixation on a perceived physical flaw. It affects 1.7% to 2.9% of men and women equally, usually begins in adolescence, and has been known to affect Hollywood actors and actresses just as much as regular folk.

In many cases, people with BDD have undergone several plastic surgeries but are chronically unhappy with the results. Ultimately, they wished they had never undergone them at all.

Health Risks

As with any surgery, plastic surgery carries risks. People have had surgery that has resulted in scars, disfigurement, or worse. While the worst outcomes are rare, such risks are nonetheless a reality.

The Most Common Dangers of Plastic Surgery

Local Anesthesia

Some unqualified practitioners cut costs by providing only local anesthesia, meaning you’re awake during the procedure. This loophole allows them to perform surgeries in a private office, rather than a legitimate, accredited surgical facility. The problem is that many operations require you to be fully under, otherwise you’re not just uncomfortable — you’re also at risk for complications.

Poor Results

The whole point of cosmetic surgery is to enhance your physical appearance. Sadly, many people who seek out these procedures desire the results so badly that they’re willing to overlook the fact that the surgery can damage their appearance further. It’s a terrifying prospect that happens to uninformed people all of the time.

One of the biggest dangers of plastic surgery is that you’ll end up looking like you had plastic surgery. The goal is to enhance your appearance in a natural way so people can’t tell you’ve had work done.

All too often, discounted plastic surgery leads to unnatural results and/or scarring, drawing attention to the part of your body you were hoping to improve in the first place. It’s the exact opposite of what you’re hoping to achieve. The simple truth is that discounted surgery is discounted for a reason. It’s tempting to be frugal, but surgery isn’t something to take lightly.

Infections

It’s crucial that cosmetic surgeons take proper steps to prevent plastic surgery complications. All surgeries are going to carry a risk of infection, but that risk can be drastically mitigated by going to a licensed practitioner.

During and after plastic surgery, you must receive proper wound care to ensure that you heal quickly without infections that could cause serious health problems. You can significantly reduce the dangers of plastic surgery by staying at a recovery center, but even the best recovery centers can’t undo shoddy work.

Nerve Damage

During a surgical procedure, it’s possible for nerves to be damaged or even severed; specifically in the case of facelift surgery. This causes numbness that can be permanent. It may also cause aesthetic problems such as the inability to form natural facial expressions. For example, drooping eyes are a common result of nerve damage following a cosmetic procedure.

Excessive Bleeding

Bleeding is bound to happen during and after surgery. It’s to be expected. However, one of the biggest dangers of plastic surgery is that you don’t receive proper post-surgery care while healing after surgery. Discount practitioners have one primary goal, and that’s to make money. Their business model is to keep people coming in as quickly as possible, and that means they need to make room for new patients.

Hematoma:

A hematoma is a collection of blood outside of a blood vessel. A hematoma can develop after surgery; this typically results in an area being swollen and bruised in appearance, with a pocket of blood beneath. In some cases, this is minor, but a hematoma can be large enough to cause pain and even decrease blood flow through the area. In the case of a large hematoma, the surgeon may choose to remove some of the collected blood with a syringe or other similar method.

Necrosis: Tissue death can be caused by surgery or by issues that arise after the procedure. In most cases, necrosis is minor or completely absent, and normal wound healing removes any dead tissue from the incision area.

General Risks and Complications of Cosmetic Surgery

Does Cosmetic Surgery have Risks? Yes, all invasive surgery has risks. The key is to understand them and do what you can to minimise or prevent them. But recognise some complications and surgery risks may occur randomly, despite having chosen the best surgeon, top hospital and best practice procedure and wound care. Despite evidence-based medicine, all surgery carries risks.

Potential Complications and Risks from Cosmetic and Plastic Surgery

  • Cosmetic Surgery is invasive, meaning your skin will be incised surgically, and tissues either re-adjusted OR removed.
  • ALL invasive procedures carry risks. Some risks can be mitigated; Other risks might occur randomly.

Ask your Surgeon for details of your specific surgical procedure risks or visit the procedure page you are interested in.

Understand these surgery risks by reading the materials provided and be sure you read everything before you sign the surgery consent form. Statistics indicate that the healthiest patients tolerate plastic surgery well, but a small number of patients may experience reactions to surgery or incur higher surgery risk rates or problems during their recovery.

All Car Dealer Should Know About Car Buyers

Ways to Survive the Car Dealership

Having a new car can be a lot of fun, but many car buyers find the process of buying or leasing to be anything but enjoyable. For some, visiting a car dealer ranks right up there with getting a root canal, without the benefit of anesthesia.

Fortunately, there are several strategies you can use to survive the dealership. Most of them center around understanding the car-buying process and being prepared before you get near a salesperson. Consumers today have more information about vehicles and pricing than they ever have, and they can use that knowledge to get the right vehicle at a great price.

Whether you’re leasing or buying a new car or used car, making mistakes when car shopping can put you in the wrong vehicle, have you paying too much, or getting inappropriate financing for your situation. Those errors can cost you for years, so it is critical you do everything possible to get the right car and best car deal from the start.

A growing number of dealerships have embraced customer-friendly no-haggle sales methods and streamlined processes that show they respect consumers’ time. Many more, though, follow time-tested sales strategies to extract the most profit out of each sale by wearing down customers’ defenses. Knowing what you might face and how to respond is key to surviving the auto dealership.

Know the Car You Want

Before you think about heading to the car dealer, it’s crucial you have a rough idea about the car you want, what you can afford, and the features you need. You don’t have to have it narrowed down to one model or trim level, but pruning the field to only those models that fit your needs and budget can save you a tremendous amount of time.

Don’t Go Without Preapproved Financing

Perhaps the most important of the car buying tips you will find in this article is to have a pre-approved financing deal in place before you ever think of stepping foot on a car dealer’s lot. If you don’t have a pre-approved car loan from an independent bank, credit union, or other lender, you’ll be at the mercy of the dealer to find you financing. While they may be able to find you a great deal, they’ll have no incentive to do so unless you bring a competing offer.

Remember It Is a Business Transaction

A new or used car is one of the most expensive purchases we make. It’s easy to get emotionally invested in our dream car, but it is critical you check those emotions at the dealership’s door. Buying a car is a business transaction, nothing more, nothing less. Your goal is to get the lowest price possible, while the dealership’s task is to maximize the profit they make on the sale. Both stances are OK, as long as both you and the dealer act professionally, ethically, and within the bounds of the law.

There’s Strength in Numbers

Another great car-buying tip is to take a trusted and frugal friend with you to the dealership. You don’t want the friend who is always encouraging you to spend money on the latest fashion, you want the one that splits the dinner check to the penny. Give them the mission of making sure you don’t exceed your budget, buy extras you don’t need, and the authority to drag you away from a bad deal.

Know the Value of Your Trade

Buyers or lessees who are trading in their old vehicles need to have a rough idea of what their car is worth. There are a multitude of online tools that can help you find the price range you should expect from your old car. You simply enter the year, make, model, features, mileage, and condition, and the tools give you a range of values.

If you want a more specific number, you can visit another dealer or a used car superstore, such as CarMax, and ask for an offer to buy your car. There are several benefits in doing so. First, having an offer in hand gives the dealer you’re buying a car from a benchmark to meet or beat. Second, if you get a great offer (one that exceeds what you saw online), you can take the money and apply it to your down payment. Doing so has the great side-benefit of taking your trade-in value out of the mish-mash of numbers the salesperson will likely be using to confuse you.

In some states, you’re all but forced to trade your car in at the dealership you are buying from. Otherwise, you have to pay sales tax on the full purchase price of the new car, rather than on the purchase price minus the trade-in value.

Dealership Don’ts

Just because you’re young doesn’t mean you have to be an easy mark for some slick salesman when you head to the dealership. You may be new to car-buying but you can still be a savvy shopper and get the ride of your dreams at a good price.

To help you through the process, here’s a list of things you can do to avoid the pitfalls that have tripped up many a car buyer. Avoid these problems and you can get more car for your hard-earned buck. Contained in each “don’t” is a “do” that will help make your purchasing experience positive.

Don’t be a monthly payment buyer. Car salesmen assume that young buyers will have to take out a car loan to make a deal. So, when you sit down to negotiate, the first thing they’re likely to ask is, “What do you want your monthly payment to be?” The way to avoid having to answer this question is to get preapproved financing. This is valuable for several reasons. It forces you to confront any credit problems before you ever go near a dealership. It will also ensure that you get the best interest rate you deserve. And finally, it keeps negotiations simple. So, when they ask what kind of monthly payment you want, smile knowingly and say, “I’m a cash buyer — let’s just talk about the cost of the car.”

Don’t go to a dealership alone.There are safety and security in numbers, particularly for the first-time buyer. At the dealership there could easily be two salespeople pitching their car to you at once. Make sure you don’t get outnumbered. Take a friend or trusted family member along. But take someone you can count on to get you out of trouble. The last thing you want is a “friend” who will back the sales team and tell you to buy something you don’t want.

Don’t shop on the weekend unless you have to. Weekends are when everyone goes car shopping. But when there is a lot of foot traffic at the dealership, two things happen: The service isn’t great and the price of the cars stays high. If you don’t buy the car for their price, they reason, someone else here will. But on Monday the weekend seems awfully far away for most sales managers. They like to keep the cars moving off the lot. So, take a day off from work and enjoy a stress-free shopping experience that will save you money.

Never Buy the First Time You go to the Dealership

It is extremely important to follow this advice if you are negotiating in person. Once you sign the contract for your new car, it’s nearly impossible to get out of the deal. Find your lowest deal before you sign, not after. Don’t take the word of a salesman that other places can’t match their price. Every time I’ve heard that, I have proven them wrong. Make sure they see “The Folder” with research and quotes which ww will talk about in a second. Show them you did your homework and you know how to get the best deal possible. Once they know they can’t trick you, business will be conducted on your terms. Make sure The Folder has invoice pricing of all the options on your car, printed out from our car pricing section.

Having all of your ducks in a row will make your hunt for a good deal much easier. The salesman wants you to be distracted and unprepared so that you’ll be primed for their tricks. Start by gathering all of the items I recommend to bring with you.

How to Shop When The Dealer Doesn’t Have The Car You Want In Stock

If you visit a dealership and can’t find exactly what you want, you have three choices: you can get the dealer to special order what you want, they can find it at another dealership and get it for you, or you can make a choice out of their inventory. Let’s look at each option.

1. Ordering a car

The good dealers are always willing to order for you, the greedy ones don’t really care about doing this, they want that “today deal” and if they can’t have it, they’ll send you down the road. A couple of things you need to know about ordering are that it takes time-and the length of time can vary greatly depending on the automaker. Most can get the vehicle you want in six to eight weeks, but I have also seen it take 90 days or more depending on availability of the car you choose. The size of the dealership can have a lot to do with this too if it is a “hot” car. Also, with most automakers, the factory incentives that you receive are based on when you take delivery of the car, not when you order it, so keep that in mind. Sometimes that works in your favor, sometimes not.

2. Letting the dealer get the car from another dealership

Dealers trade amongst themselves constantly because as I said earlier, no dealer can stock everything. You need to know that if you choose to go this route, it will most likely cost you money, and sometimes a lot more. With most brands, the original dealer receives the holdback money from the factory and often does not pass that on to the dealer needing the car. In many cases, this is 3% of the window sticker price and can have a huge impact on your final pricing. Then there are transportation costs. Most dealers pay a service to transport the car from one dealership to the next and that can have an impact on your price. The farther away the car is, the more it costs to get it to you.

3. Buying from dealer’s current stock

This is the least expensive way to buy a car. The dealer has the most incentive to give you the best price. If you find a car that is close to what you had your heart set on, changes can be made. Let’s say you find the perfect car except it has a cloth interior and you wanted leather. Today, leather can easily be added to any vehicle. The same is true of navigation systems, moon roofs, DVD players, wheels, etc. If you decide to adapt the car to fit your desires, be sure to see what it will look like when finished. Ask if the item being added is factory or aftermarket, this can affect quality and warranty. Add-on items generally cost a little more than the same option from the factory but is often much cheaper than the dealer having to get the car from another dealer.

What Are The Effects Of Stings Of Wasps

Wasps and Bees

Most of the 20,000 species of wasps are solitary, but because solitary wasps do not sting, most humans are more familiar with social wasps, who live in complex communities, than their solitary cousins. Though very few social wasps, such as paper wasps, mud daubers, yellow jackets, hornets, and umbrella wasps, create homes near human dwellings, all wasps play vital roles in ecosystems.

Wasps are classified in the same insect order (Hymenoptera) as bees, so it’s not surprising that people often mistake common wasps like yellow jackets, who have fuzzy yellow and black-striped bodies, for bees.

Wasps are the pinnacle of animal architects. They construct hanging nests (hives) from structures or build subterranean combs or ground nests. When wasps build hives, they don’t re-use them from year to year, because they disintegrate over the winter. Ground nests, on the other hand, are extremely durable.

Yellow jackets are social wasps and generally nest in the ground, but they will occasionally nest in hollow logs and cinderblock fences. Their nests are made into thousands of cells from masticated wood pulp and leaf litter.

Did You Know?

Yellow jackets and wasps are elaborate and fascinating social insects who communicate with each other through the complex use of chemicals known as pheromones. Wasps and other insects use different hormones produced in their bodies to signal where food can be found or to alert the colony to the presence of an intruder. For example, when a wasp stings a human approaching a nest, the small insect simultaneously emits a chemical that signals the rest of the colony to attack.

Myth busting: Wasp nest removal

How NOT to remove a wasp nest

There are countless articles online, as well as numours videos on Youtube advertising best DIY methods to remove a wasp nest. Wasps are aggressive creatures who require little to no aggravation to attack, so trying to remove a wasp nest yourself can cost you both financially and physically.

Burning a wasp nest

Using fire to remove a wasp nest is a very dangerous task and is not a successful way to get rid of wasps. Wasp nests are made from a thin papery substance. Wasps create this by chewing wood into a pulp, which makes it extremely flammable. Because of this, burning a wasp nest can often lead to not only your property catching fire, suffering from burns yourself.

Water

Using water is often thought to be another DIY solution to remove a wasps nest by flooding it. The truth is, flooding a wasps nest isn’t an effective method at all. This is because:

Depending on the location of the nest, using water to remove a wasp nest can result in further damages to your property. For example, if the wasp nest is your attic, trying to remove a wasp nest by flooding it could cause water damage to your attic beams and ceiling plaster boards.

Trying to flood a nest won’t get rid of all the wasps inhabiting the hive either. Similar to the effects of trying to burn a wasp nest, the wasps will become vicious and begin to attack, leaving you with a handful of painful stings.

Destroying a wasp nest with a baseball bat

Destroying a wasp nest with a bat/racket is another talked about DIY soution. To be honest, this is the least intelligent idea for removing a wasp nest yourself. Trying to remove a wasp nest by destroying it with a baseball bat will put you at direct risk of getting stung, not only once but multiple times. This can be particularly dangerous if you are allergic to wasp stings as you could go into anaphylactic shock.

Best way to get rid of a wasp nest

The best way to remove a wasp nest is contacting a pest control professional. It may seem like an easy job, but a pest control technician is professionally trained to handle and remove wasp nests in a safe and efficient manner.

Why Wasps Are Good for Gardeners

It’s a common sentiment; usually uttered just after being stung, discovering a nest in an inconvenient place, or while competing with them for jam sandwiches and sweet drinks! I can’t deny that wasps have their downsides, but fortunately for us gardeners they have important benefits too.

Wasps as Pollinators

My brother was not entirely correct when he assumed that wasps don’t pollinate crops. Their smooth bodies don’t collect pollen for transferring between flowers as well as those of hairy bees, but they are attracted to nectar and do carry out a useful amount of pollination in the garden.

One type of wasp is incredibly specialized at pollination. Fig wasps, as you can probably guess from their name, pollinate fig trees. They are in fact the only pollinator of fig trees. One cannot exist without the other, so their importance to the fig growing industry and lovers of figs cannot be overstated!

Free Pest Control

The presence of social wasps such as paper wasps at barbecues and picnics, and their habit of building nests in sheds, house eaves and other inconvenient places is undoubtedly annoying (and occasionally painful). Yet there is a very compelling reason why it’s worth tolerating them if at all possible: the prodigious appetites of their carnivorous offspring.

As well as the familiar black-and-yellow social wasps, there are other kinds of wasp that provide essential pest control. Many kinds of solitary wasp will also hunt and kill insects for their larvae to feed on. Others are parasitic, such as the minuscule wasp Encarsia formosa which has long been used to manage whitefly in greenhouses. Braconid wasps lay their eggs on tomato hornworms and other caterpillars, which are then eaten from the inside out as the larvae develop. Grisly but effective.

How to Get Rid of Wasps, Yellow Jackets, Hornets

Finding a big nest in the corner of your front porch, busy with angrily buzzing, stinging insects going in and out, well that’s enough to be downright scared. Wasps are pests for homeowners clear across the country. These predatory insects swarm and if disturbed pack quite a sting. Getting rid of wasps is not an easy chore.

Paper Wasps: The Worst

While there are tens of thousands of species of wasp and bee across the globe, only a handful of wasp species give American homeowners headaches.

The biggest culprit is the paper wasp, so named because it makes its nests from wood fiber and saliva, compressing it into thin paper-like sheets with their mandibles, similar to a hornet nest.

Yellow Jackets and Hornets

If that description doesn’t fit the threatening insects you’ve got buzzing around your ears, they may be different types of wasps also common in the U.S.: Yellow jackets and hornets.

Yellow jackets are smaller, and as the name suggests, colored yellow with black stripes. The common cicada killer hornet is colored similar to the yellow jacket, but is much larger.

Snap! Get Rid Of Wasps Easy As 1-2-3: Effective DIY Traps

Once you start regularly spotting them in your yard, it’s a good bet that there’s a nest on your property or nearby. These are not pests that you want zipping around, especially if you have children playing outdoors.

The best way to get rid of them is to find the nest and destroy it, but if you can’t find it or if it’s not on your property, use traps to tempt them away from high-traffic areas to another part of the yard to kill them.

Jam Jar Trick

Here’s a quick DIY I saw on my local news (tv) using an empty jar, orange juice and a bit of jam:

(No worries! You’ll still find the soda pop project I previously shared down below)

Punch a hole into the jar lid that’s about as wide in diameter as the base of your pinky finger (you want the critters to have room to crawl in but not be able to fly out).

Pour OJ into the jar until it’s about half full (orange soda or some sweet & fruity smelling liquid will also work).

Smear raspberry or strawberry jam underneath the lid.

Seal jar with the lid then place it at the back of the yard or some place away from foot traffic.

The wasps will be attracted to the sweet smelling juice and fruity jam. They’ll crawl into the jar and eventually fall into the liquid and drown.

Wait until it’s dark outside before emptying the container of its contents and refilling with a fresh batch of juice/jam.

DIY Soda Bottle Solution

Here are directions for two easy homemade traps, they require the same materials and have the same concept, but different designs (one’s ideal for hanging, the other for setting on the ground or other surface). I used graphics that show soda inside the containers, but you need to use empty pop bottles (ignore the soda levels shown in the images).

Take an empty two liter pop bottle or any plastic variety that has a consistently even width along the sides.

Using a sharp knife, cut off the top just below where the start of the sides are at even width.

Fill the bottom with bait about 2″ deep (suggestions below).

Insert the top piece upside down into the bottom part (remove the cap first). The pieces should fit together nice and snug, but use duct tape along the rough edge to secure them together if you need to.

Set this contraption out wherever you’ve seen them (in flower beds, close to a hedge, near the bird bath, etc.).

The wasps will fly into the vessel to get at the food, but have trouble finding their way out through the small neck opening. They’ll eventually lose their strength and drown in the liquid.

This setup also works for killing fruit flies.

Hanging Version:

This is well suited for hanging in tree branches or along the eaves of a house (away from entrances since this will attract live wasps). They will fly up into the trap from underneath, but have trouble finding their escape by flying down and out.

Take an empty two liter bottle, tighten on the cap then cut off the bottom few inches.

Taking a second two liter pop bottle, remove the cap and cut off the top part right underneath where the width is the same as the rest of the vessel.

For the bigger piece, puncture two small holes, one on either side (at the top) and push through each end of a length of heavy string or yarn, knotting at each end inside the vessel (this will need to be long enough to hang the container and strong enough to hold the weight).

Seal the holes where the string runs through with duct tape to prevent them crawling out and escaping.

Place the small piece up inside the bigger section, securing together with duct tape around the bottom edges.

Fill with bait through the top neck about 2″ deep, replace cap and hang.